| 1 |
Ship Hull & Deck Structures |
Bolts, Nuts, Rivets, Clamp Fasteners |
- Secure external plates and deck fittings
- Maintain watertight integrity and withstand wave impacts
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Marine-grade stainless steel (e.g., 316), duplex or super duplex steels, corrosion-resistant coatings |
- Must resist saltwater corrosion and constant wave impact
- Subject to classification society rules (e.g., DNV, ABS, Lloyd’s Register)
- Regular inspections for hull integrity
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| 2 |
Offshore Platforms & Rigs |
High-Strength Bolts, Tensioners, Anchor Fasteners |
- Connect structural modules, topsides, and leg assemblies
- Provide secure anchoring against wind and waves
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Super duplex stainless steel, coated carbon steels, specialty alloys |
- Operate under extreme weather and high-load conditions
- Require compliance with API and offshore standards (e.g., DNV-OS-C101)
- Must endure fatigue and dynamic loading over long service intervals
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| 3 |
Mooring & Anchoring Systems |
Chain Links, Shackles, Eye Bolts, Swivel Fasteners |
- Secure vessels or rigs to seabed mooring lines
- Sustain heavy tensile and torsional loads
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Forged steel (grade-specific), high-tensile steel, corrosion protection coatings |
- Must handle wave-induced motion, currents, and tidal forces
- Regularly inspected under IMO guidelines
- Critical for preventing drift and collision in harsh marine conditions
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| 4 |
Marine Engines & Propulsion |
Studs, Lock Nuts, Specialized Screws (e.g., for turbochargers) |
- Fasten engine components (cylinder heads, turbochargers)
- Maintain alignment under high vibration and heat
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Heat-resistant stainless steel, nickel-based alloys (Inconel), titanium |
- Must handle wave-induced motion, currents, and tidal forces
- Must comply with IMO Tier emission standards (for new engines)
- Frequent maintenance intervals to ensure reliability
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| 5 |
Subsea Equipment & Pipelines |
Clamp Connectors, Flange Bolts, Seal Bolts |
- Join and seal underwater pipelines, wellheads, manifolds
- Maintain pressure integrity and resist corrosion
|
Super duplex stainless steel, Inconel, titanium, protective coatings |
- Operate in high-pressure subsea environments (deepwater)
- Subject to NACE MR0175 for sour service
- Critical sealing to prevent leaks, ensuring environmental protection
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| 6 |
Shipboard Machinery & Systems |
Hex Bolts, Studs, Couplings, Quick-Release Pins |
- Secure pumps, compressors, generators, and auxiliaries
- Allow rapid disassembly for maintenance
|
316/316L stainless steel, coated carbon steel, sometimes aluminum-bronze alloys |
- High exposure to humidity, salt spray, and vibrations
- Must meet or exceed ISO/DIN marine-grade standards
- Quick-release or captive designs can reduce downtime during repairs
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| 7 |
Cargo Handling & Deck Cranes |
High-Tensile Bolts, Clevis Pins, Turnbuckles |
- Fasten crane booms, cargo rails, and lifting components
- Withstand shock loads from heavy lifting
|
High-tensile steel, galvanized or coated for corrosion protection |
- Dynamic loading under cargo swings and high wind
- Must adhere to SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) guidelines for cargo operations
- Frequent load tests and inspections to ensure operational safety
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| 8 |
Superstructure & Accommodation |
Screws, Rivets, Panel Fasteners, Hinges |
- Join bulkheads, stairways, doors, and windows
- Provide secure and watertight compartments
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Aluminum alloys, stainless steels, composite-compatible inserts |
- Require fire-retardant and waterproof properties (IMO FTP Code)
- Must resist galvanic corrosion when aluminum meets stainless
- Often designed for rapid assembly and aesthetic finish
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| 9 |
Ballast Systems & Tankage |
Sealing Fasteners, Gaskets, Flange Bolts |
- Keep ballast tanks watertight
- Facilitate controlled intake and discharge of ballast water
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Corrosion-resistant alloys, coated carbon steel, specialized seals |
- Must comply with Ballast Water Management (BWM) standards
- Ensuring no leakages or contamination
- Frequent checks to maintain water-tight integrity and prevent marine pollution
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| 10 |
Exhaust & Ventilation Systems |
Clamps, Studs, High-Temp Screws |
- Secure exhaust ducts and ventilation units
- Withstand vibration and elevated temperatures
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Heat-resistant stainless steel (e.g., 321, 347), high-temperature coatings |
- Thermal cycling from engine exhaust
- Must meet emission control regulations
- Requires regular inspection for cracks and leaks to maintain air quality and engine efficiency
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